Progress of dye-sensitized water-splitting for hydrogen production

The mechanism of dye-sensitized water-splitting for hydrogen production is introduced. Research works on the use of different dye molecules and redox mediators are reviewed. It is found that the light absorption characteristics of dye molecules, excited dye potential level, the relative position of semiconductor conduction band, the adsorption of dye molecules on the surface of semiconductor, as well as the bonding between dye molecules and semiconductor, determine the photon absorption and electron injecti...介绍了染料敏化分解水制氢的基本原理。综述了染料分子的选取,使用氧化还原调节剂的机理和研究进展。指出染料分子对光谱的吸收特性,激发态染料分子能级与半导体导带的相对位置,染料分子与半导体的吸附情况,表面键合强度直接影响对光子的吸收,电子的注入,从而影响产氢量。此外,I-/I3-作为氧化还原调节剂可有效还原染料分子,实现持续产氢。最后提出了染料敏化分解水制氢的间歇式反应器结构,以及通过选择用于敏化的半导体来提高产氢率的思路。published_or_final_versio

Optimization of cathode flooding in scaled-up microfluidic fuel cells

published_or_final_versio

Community-based service for the frail elderly in China

This study of community-based social services for the frail elderly in China shows that as China turns into an ageing society and the capacity of the family support for the frail elderly is rapidly declining, there is an urgent need to develop formal social services to support elderly persons continuing to live in their community. This article provides a general background on the structure of the emergent community services. Using the example of a city in China, the operation of the community services for the elderly is illustrated The strengths and limitations of community services are discussed.postprin

Numerical simulation on the local impact of an operating wind trubine

Session VII - Energy Optimization II: no. 5Wind energy is commonly considered to be a clean and environmentally friendly renewable energy resource, as they do not pollute our atmosphere with greenhouse gas, nor do they cause any radioactive problems compared to nuclear energy. However, there are still some environmental impacts due to the installation and operation of the wind turbines that cannot be ignored, such as noise, visual and climatic impact. Especially, the observed local climate change in some wind turbine areas has attracted general concern in recent years. Experts suspected that the a long time operation of ...postprin

Impact of guide wall grometry on the power output of a solar chinmey power plant

published_or_final_versio

Micro-wind turbine system in urban environment

Wind power is identified to be of great potential for extensive development in many countries to reduce the fossil fuel based power generation. Conventional three blades wind turbines are commonly used in locations with high wind energy density, while small wind turbines are developed for less windy locations such as urban areas and flat lands. An innovative micro wind turbine was developed to generate power in urban environment where wind speed is usually low. Differing from the traditional wind turbine that can be connected directly to the grid, this system is linked to a small generator and batteries, and mainly used for local applications. The advantage of the micro wind turbine is that, apart from its low cost, it can be propelled by a very low wind speed. Computation fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations have been conducted to help evaluate the performance of a single micro wind turbine.published_or_final_versio

為城市環境設計之微型風力發電機系統

風力發電擁有巨大潛力，可廣泛在許多國家發展以減少化石燃料之使用。傳統的三葉片風力發電機常用於風能密度高的地方，小型風力發電機則專為風量低的地點而設計，例如市區及面積較小的平地等。本項研究專為風速通常較低的都市環境開發一部創新的微型風力發電機。傳統的風力發電機可直接連接到輸電網，這個系統則可連接到小型發電機和蓄電池並主要在設置系统的地方使用。微型風力發電機的優點包括低成本和低切入風速，並可靈活調節大小。這項研究進行了計算流體動力學（CFD）的模擬分析和實驗，以幫助評估設有不同配置的個別微型風力發電機的性能，以及多個微型風力發電機系統的發電特性。關鍵詞：發電，空氣動力學，功率係數。published_or_final_versio

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Hong Kong: a territory-wide study

INTRODUCTION: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a global health care problem. Like other cities in the world, Hong Kong faces the impact of such events. This study is the first territory-wide investigation of the epidemiology and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Hong Kong. It is hoped that the findings can improve survival of patients with cardiac arrest. METHODS: This study was a retrospective analysis of the prospectively collected data on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest managed by the emergency medical service from 1 August 2012 to 31 July 2013. The characteristics of patients and cardiac arrests, timeliness of emergency medical service attendance, and survival rates were reported with descriptive statistics. Predictors of 30-day survival were evaluated with logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 5154 cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were analysed. The median age of patients was 80 years. Most arrests occurred at the patient's home. Ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia was identified in 8.7% of patients. The median time taken for the emergency services to reach the patient was 9 minutes. The median time to first defibrillation was 12 minutes. Of note, 2.3% of patients were alive at 30 days or survived to hospital discharge; 1.5% had a good neurological outcome. Location of arrest, initial electrocardiogram rhythm, and time to first defibrillation were independent predictors of survival at 30 days. CONCLUSION: The survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in Hong Kong is low. Territory-wide public access defibrillation programme and cardiopulmonary resuscitation training may help improve survival.published_or_final_versio

A high-performance dual electrolyte aluminium-air cell

published_or_final_versio

A switchable pH-differential reactor with high reactivity and efficiency for CO<font size=-1>₂</font> utilization

published_or_final_versio